First Karnataka War (1746-48 AD): Reasons and Consequences

First Karnataka War: Role

After the fall of the Mughals, the foreign rulers also struggled with the native rulers for political dominance. In the native forces primarily Marathas, the real battle between the British and the British were between the British and the French. This struggle of the dominance of these two powers lasted 60-70 years and after the fall of Napoleon, the British were finished in favor. In this context, the first major battle between the two powers was in the Karnataka region. It was the governor of France on the one side and the Nawab of Karnataka, on the other hand, the governor of the English East India Company. This war is called the First Carnatic War, which lasted from 1746 to 1748 AD. It is said that the struggle between England and France in the war of succession of Austria in Europe came to the fore as the first Carnatic War in India.

English-French conflict

The history of British-French conflict in India is divided into four parts - from 1746 to 1748 AD, 1749-1754 AD, from 1758 to 1763 AD and from 1778 AD to 1815 AD. The first three parts were mainly from South India. In all three periods, French power was destroyed from south India. In the last phase, with the help of Indian kings, the French made unsuccessful attempts to destroy the British power.

The war of Austria's succession began in Europe in 1740 AD. Initially, England's Prime Minister Walpole did not join the war. Walpole was the backbiter of peaceful policy. But after the resignation of Valpol in 1742 AD, England joined the Austrian succession war. England and France were opposing each other in Europe. Therefore, the natural reaction of the European war also happened in India.

Duple

The French company's governor was Duple (Joseph François Dupleix). He gave the opinion of stopping a war by writing a letter to the British governor in Madras. In the north, the British governor was also given the assurance of maintaining peace. Officers of both companies (companies of English and French companies) had requested in favor of not fighting their own government. The French government accepted the idea of the duplex, but the British Government did not pay any attention to it and sent under the command of Commander Barnett to launch an attack against the French fleet. In 1746 AD, the war was announced between the two companies. The English Navy was ready to attack Pondicherry. But Duple was successful in protecting Pandhecheri from the defense of Nawab Anwaruddin of Karnataka. But British commander Barnett drowned French ships, which also had a ship of Doople. Dissatisfied with this behavior of the British commander, Joseph François Dupleix sought the help of Mauritian governor and French naval commander La-Bardino. British commander Barnet Pandhechery had reached. Coincidentally Barnett died and replaced by Petean as the new Commander. In 1746, LaBarbdeno forced Patan to go to Hooghly and attacked Madras in September 1746 AD and subdued it.

Duple VS Nawab of Karnataka

After Madras-Vijay, there was a difference between La-Bardino and Duple. Duple wanted to destroy Bengal's power after attacking Bengal after attacking Madras and destroying the power of the British. But LaBarbdeno was in favor of returning to Madras by bargaining with the British. Talking to British officials, three lakh rupees for French company and one lakh rupees.

 He wanted to settle for the British with himself. In the form of advance money, he got Rs 60,000 from the British Were obtained. Therefore, against the will of Duple, La-Bardinone handed Madras to the British and proceeded to Mauritius. Duple turned down the LaBarrardino Agreement and attacked Madras. The British urged the help of Nawab Anwaruddin (Anwaruddin) of Karnataka. Nawab Anwaruddin ordered the French to leave Madras. But Duple's pole opened soon He had kept all the money for the loot of Madras. The disgruntled Nawab sent his son against the French to invade Madras. Between the army of Duple and Nawab, there was a battle between Saint Thomas. A few French soldiers defeated the Nawab's army under the leadership of Duple.

French VS Britisher's

The defeating of the Nawab's army encouraged Duple (Joseph François Dupleix). He started dreaming of establishing the French Empire in India. For this purpose, he attacked the English fort of St. David, located in Madras. The fort of St. David was only 12 miles away from Madras. But despite the 18 months of tireless efforts, Duple could not get the right to St. David. Meanwhile, a fleet of Britishers reached there on August 6, 1748 AD. The British put a circle on Pondicherry But soon the British had to take up their siege from Pondicherry. Duple's reputation increased with the failure of the British in Pondicherry.

In 1748 AD, the war of Austrian succession ended in the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in Europe. The war between the British and the French was also stopped in India. According to the treaty Madras had to be returned to the British and in return France received the territory of the year in the US.