BIRSA MUNDA Movement In Detail

After 1857, the Mundas started the Sardar movement, which was a peaceful movement. But there was no special change in the condition of tribals. Mundas decided to make the forthcoming movement a fierce form. The Birsa Munda movement was fierce and violent, in contrast to the Sardar movement. Birsa Munda, a leader of this movement, was a well-written young leader. This movement was started to fulfill various objectives. Therefore its appearance was also mixed. The movement wanted to achieve various objectives like economic, political change and religious revival. Let's read about the purpose, leader, and result of Birsa Munda Movement.

Economic Objectives of Birsa Munda Movement

The economic objective of the Birsa movement was the return of tax-free land of the tribals who were captured by Diku landlords (non-tribal landlords) for which tribals were struggling for a long time. Munda was unable to get justice from the community government Confused by this inability, he decided to end the English rule and establish Munda Raj. They wanted to expel all British officers and Christian missions out of their area. Birsa Munda organized the Munda with the help of a new religion. Mundas under their leadership revolted in 1899-1900 AD.

Birsa Munda's Leadership

Seeing the miserable condition of Birsa Munda tribals, he wanted to liberate them from the tyranny of landlords and contractors. Birsa Munda had experienced that the result of running peaceful movement in a peaceful manner was in vain. Therefore, they organized more and more young people to make this movement intensifying. Mundas accepted him as their god. Each of his words became as Brahmacharya for the idiots. Birsa Munda announced that no government would pay taxes. Munda obeyed and obeyed them.

Birsa Munda Arrest

In 1895, Birsa Munda was arrested in the crime of spreading uprising and anti-state conspiracy. He was sentenced to two years of imprisonment. After being released from jail, he became more active and motivated the tribal youth to move more and more enthusiastically. Secret meetings were held secretly in the forest and everyone was motivated to participate in the movement. They used to practice archery by attacking the Queen Victoria's effigy with arrows. In Birsa Munda Movement, many innocent people were also killed, which was just because they were government servants.

Repression of Rebellion

In 1899, a wide and violent insurrection of the Mundas began on Christmas day. First of all, the Munda who became a Christian and tried to kill those who used to work for the government, but later this policy was changed because the people who changed their religion were Munda then their own community. So he left the voice against the government and the missionaries. Munda tribal group invaded many churches in Ranchi and Singhbhum. Police became a special victim of the anger of the Mundas. The effect of this rebellion spread throughout Chhotanagpur.

Being worried, the government decided to suppress this rebellion. The government took the help of the police and the army. The Mundas resorted to the guerrilla warfare and faced the police and the army, but how long did the bow and bow fall in front of the gun? In February 1900, Birsa was once again arrested. They were kept in Ranchi jail. On them, the government sued for sedition. During the trial Birsa Munda became cholera and he sacrificed his life on June 9, 1900.

RESULT

After the death of Birsa, the Birsa Munda Movement fell looser. Birsa's three key colleagues were sentenced to death Many Mundas were jailed in jail, As a result, Birsa Munda movement failed. Adivasis did not receive any immediate benefits from this movement, but the government was forced to consider their serious situation. Survey of the land of tribals was conducted The Chotanagpur Tenancy Act, 1908 passed in 1908 itself. Mundas got many land-related rights and they got rid of unemployment. Munda community still believes Birsa as its god.